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Mapped: Housing Affordability Across North America in 2025
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Key Takeaways
- Vancouver, Canada is the most unaffordable housing market in North America.
- Los Angeles follows next, where a typical home costs nearly 11 times higher than median household income.
- This gap falls to 7.7 in New York, based on data as of July 2025.
Many cities are seeing a widening gap between wages and home prices, making them “impossibly unaffordable.”
Not only that, U.S. home prices are more unaffordable than the run up to the 2008 global financial crisis. Driving this affordability crunch is the combination of elevated interest rates and soaring home prices in the post-pandemic boom, although some markets have seen slowing growth in recent months.
This graphic shows housing market affordability in North America, based on data from the Globe and Mail via Hanif Bayat.
The Housing Affordability Crunch in 2025
Below, we compare benchmark home prices as of July 2025 to gross median household income across major metro areas in North America:
| Metro Area | Home Price-to-Income Ratio |
|---|---|
| Vancouver | 13.5 |
| Los Angeles | 10.7 |
| Toronto | 10.4 |
| San Diego | 9.2 |
| San Francisco | 9.1 |
| New York | 7.7 |
| Montreal | 7.2 |
| Seattle | 7.0 |
| Inland Empire (covers San Bernardino and Riverside counties) | 6.8 |
| Boston | 6.8 |
| Miami | 6.4 |
| Denver | 5.8 |
| Phoenix | 5.4 |
| Orlando | 5.2 |
| Tampa | 5.1 |
| Washington | 4.9 |
| Charlotte | 4.9 |
| Philadelphia | 4.6 |
| Atlanta | 4.6 |
| Baltimore | 4.4 |
| Dallas | 4.4 |
| Minneapolis | 4.2 |
| Chicago | 4.1 |
| Houston | 4.0 |
| Detroit | 3.8 |
Gross median household income as of 2023, the latest data available.
With a home price-to-income ratio of 13.5, Vancouver, Canada’s housing market is extremely out of reach for most residents.
Today, it surpasses all other major American cities, where the average price for a detached home often exceeds $1.4 million–up from around $250,000 in 2000. Similarly, home prices in Toronto are more than 10 times higher than the median household income.
Meanwhile, the West Coast metros of Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Francisco are the most unaffordable in the U.S. given high demand, supply shortages, and for the latter, proximity to Silicon Valley.
Falling near the middle of the pack is Miami, where home prices are 6.4 times the median household income. While home prices have fallen moderately over the past year, they have jumped 61% higher since July 2020—increasing affordability concerns.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the world’s most unaffordable housing markets.