Mapped: What Every Country Exports Most
Key Takeaways
- Agricultural goods remain the largest export category for nearly a third of countries worldwide.
- The world’s four largest economies rely most on machinery and electronics exports.
- Canada, Russia, and Saudi Arabia are among the world’s largest exporters of fuels.
Practically every country relies on international trade and global demand for its products. Yet nations differ immensely in what goods they ship to the rest of the world.
This world map highlights the top export category for countries around the world, based on the latest available data (2024) from the World Trade Organization. Service exports are excluded.
Blessings in the Soil
When it comes to natural resource endowments, some countries have been blessed more than others. For many countries, these resources provide an early foundation for exports: extracting primary goods from the ground and selling them to foreign buyers.
For example, countries like Canada, Nigeria, and Saudi Arabia have all become major players in the global petroleum industry. Others, like Algeria, Russia, and Qatar, rely more on their massive natural gas deposits.
The table below lists countries alongside their top export category in 2024.
| Country | Top Export Category (2024) |
|---|---|
| Afghanistan | Agriculture & Food |
| Albania | Textile & Clothing |
| Algeria | Fuels |
| Angola | Fuels |
| Antigua and Barbuda | Agriculture & Food |
| Argentina | Agriculture & Food |
| Armenia | Mining Products |
| Australia | Mining Products |
| Austria | Machinery & Electronics |
| Azerbaijan | Fuels |
| Bahamas | Fuels |
| Bahrain | Fuels |
| Bangladesh | Textile & Clothing |
| Barbados | Fuels |
| Belarus | Agriculture & Food |
| Belgium | Chemicals & Pharma |
| Belize | Agriculture & Food |
| Benin | Agriculture & Food |
| Bermuda | Transport Equipment |
| Bhutan | Mining Products |
| Bolivia | Mining Products |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Machinery & Electronics |
| Botswana | Mining Products |
| Brazil | Agriculture & Food |
| Brunei Darussalam | Fuels |
| Bulgaria | Machinery & Electronics |
| Burkina Faso | Agriculture & Food |
| Burundi | Agriculture & Food |
| Cabo Verde | Agriculture & Food |
| Cambodia | Textile & Clothing |
| Cameroon | Agriculture & Food |
| Canada | Fuels |
| Cayman Islands | Fuels |
| Central African Republic | Transport Equipment |
| Chad | Fuels |
| Chile | Mining Products |
| China | Machinery & Electronics |
| Chinese Taipei | Machinery & Electronics |
| Colombia | Fuels |
| Comoros | Agriculture & Food |
| Costa Rica | Agriculture & Food |
| Côte d'Ivoire | Agriculture & Food |
| Croatia | Agriculture & Food |
| Cuba | Agriculture & Food |
| Cyprus | Fuels |
| Czech Republic | Machinery & Electronics |
| Congo, DR | Mining Products |
| Denmark | Chemicals & Pharma |
| Djibouti | Agriculture & Food |
| Dominica | Agriculture & Food |
| Dominican Republic | Agriculture & Food |
| Ecuador | Agriculture & Food |
| Egypt | Agriculture & Food |
| El Salvador | Textile & Clothing |
| Equatorial Guinea | Fuels |
| Estonia | Machinery & Electronics |
| Eswatini | Chemicals & Pharma |
| Ethiopia | Agriculture & Food |
| European Union | Machinery & Electronics |
| Fiji | Agriculture & Food |
| Finland | Machinery & Electronics |
| France | Chemicals & Pharma |
| French Polynesia | Transport Equipment |
| Gabon | Fuels |
| Georgia | Transport Equipment |
| Germany | Machinery & Electronics |
| Ghana | Fuels |
| Greece | Fuels |
| Greenland | Agriculture & Food |
| Grenada | Agriculture & Food |
| Guatemala | Agriculture & Food |
| Guinea | Mining Products |
| Guinea-Bissau | Agriculture & Food |
| Guyana | Fuels |
| Haiti | Agriculture & Food |
| Honduras | Agriculture & Food |
| Hong Kong | Machinery & Electronics |
| Hungary | Machinery & Electronics |
| Iceland | Agriculture & Food |
| India | Fuels |
| Indonesia | Agriculture & Food |
| Iran | Fuels |
| Iraq | Fuels |
| Ireland | Chemicals & Pharma |
| Israel | Machinery & Electronics |
| Italy | Machinery & Electronics |
| Jamaica | Fuels |
| Japan | Machinery & Electronics |
| Jordan | Chemicals & Pharma |
| Kazakhstan | Fuels |
| Kenya | Agriculture & Food |
| Kiribati | Agriculture & Food |
| Kuwait | Fuels |
| Kyrgyz | Agriculture & Food |
| Lao | Fuels |
| Latvia | Agriculture & Food |
| Lebanon | Transport Equipment |
| Lesotho | Textile & Clothing |
| Liberia | Agriculture & Food |
| Libya | Fuels |
| Lithuania | Agriculture & Food |
| Luxembourg | Machinery & Electronics |
| Macao | Machinery & Electronics |
| Madagascar | Mining Products |
| Malawi | Agriculture & Food |
| Malaysia | Machinery & Electronics |
| Maldives | Agriculture & Food |
| Mali | Agriculture & Food |
| Malta | Machinery & Electronics |
| Mauritania | Mining Products |
| Mauritius | Agriculture & Food |
| Mexico | Machinery & Electronics |
| Moldova | Agriculture & Food |
| Mongolia | Fuels |
| Montenegro | Fuels |
| Morocco | Transport Equipment |
| Mozambique | Fuels |
| Myanmar | Agriculture & Food |
| Namibia | Mining Products |
| Nepal | Agriculture & Food |
| Netherlands | Machinery & Electronics |
| New Caledonia | Mining Products |
| New Zealand | Agriculture & Food |
| Nicaragua | Agriculture & Food |
| Niger | Fuels |
| Nigeria | Fuels |
| North Macedonia | Chemicals & Pharma |
| Norway | Fuels |
| Oman | Fuels |
| Pakistan | Textile & Clothing |
| Panama | Machinery & Electronics |
| Papua New Guinea | Fuels |
| Paraguay | Agriculture & Food |
| Peru | Mining Products |
| Philippines | Machinery & Electronics |
| Poland | Machinery & Electronics |
| Portugal | Agriculture & Food |
| Qatar | Fuels |
| Republic of Congo | Fuels |
| Romania | Machinery & Electronics |
| Russia | Fuels |
| Rwanda | Agriculture & Food |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Agriculture & Food |
| Saint Lucia | Agriculture & Food |
| Saint Vincent & Grenadines | Agriculture & Food |
| Samoa | Fuels |
| Sao Tomé and Principe | Agriculture & Food |
| Saudi Arabia | Fuels |
| Senegal | Fuels |
| Serbia | Machinery & Electronics |
| Seychelles | Agriculture & Food |
| Sierra Leone | Mining Products |
| Singapore | Machinery & Electronics |
| Slovak | Transport Equipment |
| Slovenia | Chemicals & Pharma |
| Solomon Islands | Agriculture & Food |
| Somalia | Agriculture & Food |
| South Africa | Mining Products |
| South Korea | Machinery & Electronics |
| South Sudan | Fuels |
| Spain | Agriculture & Food |
| Sri Lanka | Textile & Clothing |
| Sudan | Agriculture & Food |
| Suriname | Agriculture & Food |
| Sweden | Machinery & Electronics |
| Switzerland | Chemicals & Pharma |
| Tajikistan | Mining Products |
| Tanzania | Agriculture & Food |
| Thailand | Machinery & Electronics |
| The Gambia | Agriculture & Food |
| Timor-Leste | Fuels |
| Togo | Agriculture & Food |
| Tonga | Agriculture & Food |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Chemicals & Pharma |
| Tunisia | Machinery & Electronics |
| Türkiye | Transport Equipment |
| Turkmenistan | Fuels |
| Uganda | Agriculture & Food |
| Ukraine | Agriculture & Food |
| United Arab Emirates | Fuels |
| United Kingdom | Machinery & Electronics |
| United States of America | Machinery & Electronics |
| Uruguay | Agriculture & Food |
| Uzbekistan | Textile & Clothing |
| Venezuela | Fuels |
| Vietnam | Machinery & Electronics |
| Yemen | Mining Products |
| Zambia | Mining Products |
| Zimbabwe | Mining Products |
Other countries have been blessed with different natural resources. Chile and Peru are both historically major copper producers, but in recent years have also energized global markets with their lithium reserves.
Iron-rich Australia has had a similar experience, while the Democratic Republic of the Congo is known for its large deposits of minerals like cobalt and coltan.
Then there are the countries sitting on some of the world’s most fertile farmland. Agricultural goods and foodstuffs have become the prime exports of countries like Argentina, Brazil, Egypt, Spain, and Ukraine.
Competing in the Big Leagues
Many resource-rich countries eventually go beyond extractive industries like mining or hydrocarbons. Industrialization and technological advancement can move economies toward higher-value exports like machinery and electronics.
This is the largest export category for all four of the world’s largest economies: the United States, China, Germany, and Japan.
The sector encompasses big-ticket manufactured products like cars and trucks, as seen in countries like Mexico and Poland, but also includes major high-tech products like microchips. Some countries even specialize: the Netherlands, for example, houses ASML, which is the largest supplier to the semiconductor industry.
China’s Machinery Might
China is the world’s largest exporter, with its trade surplus having topped $1 trillion in recent years. The country has become the world’s main manufacturing power, having displaced the United States in the 21st century.
In some sectors, this manufacturing dominance has worried trading partners like the U.S. and Germany. In recent years, Washington has imposed sweeping tariffs on some Chinese imports, most notably electric vehicles.
Regardless, the interconnectedness of global supply chains means that China still relies on inputs from around the world. It’s the top importer of Brazilian soy, for example, as well as the largest buyer of Iranian oil by far.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To see the goods shaping global trade flows, check out Which Products Are Powering Trade Growth? on Voronoi.