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When Each Country Will Reach Its Population Peak
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Key Takeaways
- China, Germany, and Japan have all reached peak population by 2024, based on analysis from the UN.
- Across 48 countries, populations are projected to peak between 2025 and 2054, representing 10% of the world population.
- Meanwhile, 126 countries are forecast to grow through 2054, including India, Pakistan, Nigeria, and America.
Today, at least one in two countries globally have fertility rates below the 2.1 replacement level.
Going further, women bear one child fewer, on average, than around 1990. Paired with aging populations, this suggests that several countries have already hit their population peak, according to the latest analysis from the UN.
This graphic shows global population peak by country, based on data from the UN World Population Prospects 2024 report.
A Timeline of Global Population Peak
Below, we show population peak projections across 237 countries worldwide. This outlook by the UN include fertility, mortality, and immigration forecasts.
| Country | Population Peak Category |
|---|---|
| Albania | Peaked by 2024 |
| American Samoa | Peaked by 2024 |
| Armenia | Peaked by 2024 |
| Austria | Peaked by 2024 |
| Belarus | Peaked by 2024 |
| Bermuda | Peaked by 2024 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | Peaked by 2024 |
| Bulgaria | Peaked by 2024 |
| China | Peaked by 2024 |
| China, Hong Kong SAR | Peaked by 2024 |
| China, Taiwan Province of China | Peaked by 2024 |
| Cook Islands | Peaked by 2024 |
| Croatia | Peaked by 2024 |
| Cuba | Peaked by 2024 |
| Curaçao | Peaked by 2024 |
| Czechia | Peaked by 2024 |
| Dominica | Peaked by 2024 |
| Estonia | Peaked by 2024 |
| Falkland Islands (Malvinas) | Peaked by 2024 |
| Georgia | Peaked by 2024 |
| Germany | Peaked by 2024 |
| Greece | Peaked by 2024 |
| Greenland | Peaked by 2024 |
| Guadeloupe | Peaked by 2024 |
| Hungary | Peaked by 2024 |
| Isle of Man | Peaked by 2024 |
| Italy | Peaked by 2024 |
| Jamaica | Peaked by 2024 |
| Japan | Peaked by 2024 |
| Kosovo (under UNSC res. 1244) | Peaked by 2024 |
| Latvia | Peaked by 2024 |
| Lithuania | Peaked by 2024 |
| Marshall Islands | Peaked by 2024 |
| Martinique | Peaked by 2024 |
| Mauritius | Peaked by 2024 |
| Montenegro | Peaked by 2024 |
| Montserrat | Peaked by 2024 |
| Niue | Peaked by 2024 |
| North Macedonia | Peaked by 2024 |
| Northern Mariana Islands | Peaked by 2024 |
| Palau | Peaked by 2024 |
| Poland | Peaked by 2024 |
| Portugal | Peaked by 2024 |
| Puerto Rico | Peaked by 2024 |
| Republic of Korea | Peaked by 2024 |
| Republic of Moldova | Peaked by 2024 |
| Romania | Peaked by 2024 |
| Russian Federation | Peaked by 2024 |
| Saint Helena | Peaked by 2024 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Peaked by 2024 |
| Saint Martin (French part) | Peaked by 2024 |
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon | Peaked by 2024 |
| San Marino | Peaked by 2024 |
| Serbia | Peaked by 2024 |
| Slovakia | Peaked by 2024 |
| Slovenia | Peaked by 2024 |
| Spain | Peaked by 2024 |
| St. Vincent and the Grenadines | Peaked by 2024 |
| Thailand | Peaked by 2024 |
| Ukraine | Peaked by 2024 |
| United States Virgin Islands | Peaked by 2024 |
| Uruguay | Peaked by 2024 |
| Wallis and Futuna Islands | Peaked by 2024 |
| Andorra | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Anguilla | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Argentina | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Aruba | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Azerbaijan | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Bahamas | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Barbados | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Belgium | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Bhutan | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Brazil | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| British Virgin Islands | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Cabo Verde | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Chile | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| China, Macao SAR | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Colombia | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Costa Rica | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Cyprus | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Dem. People's Rep. of Korea | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Denmark | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| El Salvador | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Fiji | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Finland | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| French Polynesia | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Grenada | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Guernsey | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Iceland | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Iran (Islamic Republic of) | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Ireland | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Jersey | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Malta | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Myanmar | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Netherlands | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Norway | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Réunion | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Saint Barthélemy | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Saint Lucia | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Seychelles | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Singapore | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Sri Lanka | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Switzerland | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Tunisia | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Türkiye | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Viet Nam | Peaking between 2025 and 2054 |
| Afghanistan | Growing through 2054 |
| Algeria | Growing through 2054 |
| Angola | Growing through 2054 |
| Australia | Growing through 2054 |
| Bahrain | Growing through 2054 |
| Bangladesh | Growing through 2054 |
| Belize | Growing through 2054 |
| Benin | Growing through 2054 |
| Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | Growing through 2054 |
| Botswana | Growing through 2054 |
| Brunei Darussalam | Growing through 2054 |
| Burkina Faso | Growing through 2054 |
| Burundi | Growing through 2054 |
| Cambodia | Growing through 2054 |
| Cameroon | Growing through 2054 |
| Canada | Growing through 2054 |
| Cayman Islands | Growing through 2054 |
| Central African Republic | Growing through 2054 |
| Chad | Growing through 2054 |
| Comoros | Growing through 2054 |
| Congo | Growing through 2054 |
| Côte d'Ivoire | Growing through 2054 |
| Dem. Republic of the Congo | Growing through 2054 |
| Djibouti | Growing through 2054 |
| Dominican Republic | Growing through 2054 |
| Ecuador | Growing through 2054 |
| Egypt | Growing through 2054 |
| Equatorial Guinea | Growing through 2054 |
| Eritrea | Growing through 2054 |
| Eswatini | Growing through 2054 |
| Ethiopia | Growing through 2054 |
| Faroe Islands | Growing through 2054 |
| France | Growing through 2054 |
| French Guiana | Growing through 2054 |
| Gabon | Growing through 2054 |
| Gambia | Growing through 2054 |
| Ghana | Growing through 2054 |
| Gibraltar | Growing through 2054 |
| Guam | Growing through 2054 |
| Guatemala | Growing through 2054 |
| Guinea | Growing through 2054 |
| Guinea-Bissau | Growing through 2054 |
| Guyana | Growing through 2054 |
| Haiti | Growing through 2054 |
| Holy See | Growing through 2054 |
| Honduras | Growing through 2054 |
| India | Growing through 2054 |
| Indonesia | Growing through 2054 |
| Iraq | Growing through 2054 |
| Israel | Growing through 2054 |
| Jordan | Growing through 2054 |
| Kazakhstan | Growing through 2054 |
| Kenya | Growing through 2054 |
| Kiribati | Growing through 2054 |
| Kuwait | Growing through 2054 |
| Kyrgyzstan | Growing through 2054 |
| Lao People's Dem. Republic | Growing through 2054 |
| Lebanon | Growing through 2054 |
| Lesotho | Growing through 2054 |
| Liberia | Growing through 2054 |
| Libya | Growing through 2054 |
| Liechtenstein | Growing through 2054 |
| Luxembourg | Growing through 2054 |
| Madagascar | Growing through 2054 |
| Malawi | Growing through 2054 |
| Malaysia | Growing through 2054 |
| Maldives | Growing through 2054 |
| Mali | Growing through 2054 |
| Mauritania | Growing through 2054 |
| Mayotte | Growing through 2054 |
| Mexico | Growing through 2054 |
| Micronesia (Fed. States of) | Growing through 2054 |
| Monaco | Growing through 2054 |
| Mongolia | Growing through 2054 |
| Morocco | Growing through 2054 |
| Mozambique | Growing through 2054 |
| Namibia | Growing through 2054 |
| Nauru | Growing through 2054 |
| Nepal | Growing through 2054 |
| New Caledonia | Growing through 2054 |
| New Zealand | Growing through 2054 |
| Nicaragua | Growing through 2054 |
| Niger | Growing through 2054 |
| Nigeria | Growing through 2054 |
| Oman | Growing through 2054 |
| Pakistan | Growing through 2054 |
| Panama | Growing through 2054 |
| Papua New Guinea | Growing through 2054 |
| Paraguay | Growing through 2054 |
| Peru | Growing through 2054 |
| Philippines | Growing through 2054 |
| Qatar | Growing through 2054 |
| Rwanda | Growing through 2054 |
| Samoa | Growing through 2054 |
| Sao Tome and Principe | Growing through 2054 |
| Saudi Arabia | Growing through 2054 |
| Senegal | Growing through 2054 |
| Sierra Leone | Growing through 2054 |
| Solomon Islands | Growing through 2054 |
| Somalia | Growing through 2054 |
| South Africa | Growing through 2054 |
| South Sudan | Growing through 2054 |
| State of Palestine | Growing through 2054 |
| Sudan | Growing through 2054 |
| Suriname | Growing through 2054 |
| Sweden | Growing through 2054 |
| Syrian Arab Republic | Growing through 2054 |
| Tajikistan | Growing through 2054 |
| Timor-Leste | Growing through 2054 |
| Togo | Growing through 2054 |
| Tokelau | Growing through 2054 |
| Tonga | Growing through 2054 |
| Turkmenistan | Growing through 2054 |
| Tuvalu | Growing through 2054 |
| U.S. | Growing through 2054 |
| Uganda | Growing through 2054 |
| UK | Growing through 2054 |
| United Arab Emirates | Growing through 2054 |
| United Republic of Tanzania | Growing through 2054 |
| Uzbekistan | Growing through 2054 |
| Vanuatu | Growing through 2054 |
| Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | Growing through 2054 |
| Western Sahara | Growing through 2054 |
| Yemen | Growing through 2054 |
| Zambia | Growing through 2054 |
| Zimbabwe | Growing through 2054 |
Notably, more than a quarter of the global population live in countries that are shrinking in population size including Japan, Cuba, Germany, and China.
In Japan, 30% of the population is aged 65 or older, the highest rate globally after Monaco. Today, 43 countries are considered “super-aged”, where the senior population makes up at least 20% of the population.
On the other hand, immigration will be a primary driver of population growth in countries like the U.S. and Canada, despite record-low fertility rates. Overall, 52 countries are projected to grow through 2054 largely due to national immigration policies.
Meanwhile, high fertility rates and younger demographics are set to propel growth in 126 countries, with many of these being among the world’s most populous. India, Pakistan, and Indonesia all fall within this group.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
To learn more about this topic, check out this graphic on the countries with the largest senior population in 2025 and beyond.