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The Share of Foreign-Born Residents in Every U.S. State
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Key Takeaways
- Foreign-born residents made up 14.8% of the U.S. population in 2024, near a historic high.
- Four states—California, New York, Florida, and New Jersey—have foreign-born shares above 23%.
- In contrast, states like Montana and West Virginia have foreign-born shares near 2%.
Immigration is highly concentrated in a small number of U.S. states. In several large coastal economies, foreign-born residents make up nearly a quarter of the population. In much of the Midwest and Appalachia, the share is closer to 2–5%.
The map above shows how the foreign-born share varies across all 50 states and D.C., based on the latest data from the U.S. Census Bureau.
The U.S. Foreign-Born Population in 2024
Below, we show the foreign-born population by state:
| State | Foreign-Born Share of the Population 2024 | Number of Foreign-Born Residents |
|---|---|---|
| California | 27.7% | 10,922,460 |
| New Jersey | 25.0% | 2,375,213 |
| New York | 23.3% | 4,629,069 |
| Florida | 23.1% | 5,398,982 |
| Nevada | 19.9% | 650,226 |
| Massachusetts | 18.8% | 1,341,600 |
| Hawaii | 18.6% | 268,983 |
| Texas | 18.4% | 5,757,513 |
| Maryland | 17.1% | 1,071,011 |
| Washington | 16.1% | 1,281,267 |
| Connecticut | 15.9% | 584,336 |
| Rhode Island | 15.7% | 174,632 |
| District of Columbia | 15.5% | 108,849 |
| Illinois | 15.4% | 1,957,364 |
| Virginia | 13.6% | 1,198,323 |
| Arizona | 13.4% | 1,016,039 |
| Georgia | 11.9% | 1,330,524 |
| Delaware | 11.6% | 122,022 |
| Colorado | 10.5% | 625,537 |
| New Mexico | 10.0% | 427,237 |
| Oregon | 10.0% | 213,026 |
| North Carolina | 9.9% | 1,093,556 |
| Utah | 9.8% | 343,354 |
| Minnesota | 9.0% | 521,384 |
| Nebraska | 9.0% | 180,492 |
| Pennsylvania | 8.3% | 1,085,536 |
| Kansas | 7.8% | 231,707 |
| Alaska | 7.7% | 780,815 |
| Michigan | 7.7% | 56,990 |
| Indiana | 7.0% | 484,699 |
| Oklahoma | 6.6% | 270,296 |
| Tennessee | 6.5% | 469,804 |
| South Carolina | 6.4% | 350,645 |
| Idaho | 6.3% | 204,214 |
| Iowa | 6.3% | 126,102 |
| New Hampshire | 5.9% | 83,133 |
| Arkansas | 5.8% | 179,125 |
| Ohio | 5.5% | 653,582 |
| Wisconsin | 5.5% | 327,854 |
| North Dakota | 5.3% | 42,218 |
| Kentucky | 5.2% | 239,082 |
| Louisiana | 5.2% | 238,595 |
| Missouri | 4.9% | 306,028 |
| Maine | 4.7% | 66,036 |
| Alabama | 4.5% | 232,096 |
| Vermont | 4.5% | 29,182 |
| South Dakota | 4.2% | 38,836 |
| Wyoming | 3.5% | 20,567 |
| Mississippi | 2.7% | 79,462 |
| Montana | 2.1% | 37,170 |
| West Virginia | 2.1% | 23,882 |
California leads the nation, with 27.7% of its residents born outside the United States—nearly 11 million people.
New Jersey ranks second at 25%, followed by New York (23.3%) and Florida (23.1%). In each of these states, immigrants account for roughly one in four residents.
Within New York state, immigration is even more concentrated in New York City, where foreign-born residents make up roughly 38% of the population. On average, immigrants in the city have lived there for about 24 years, underscoring its long-standing identity as a global gateway.
States With Fewer Foreign-Born Residents
At the other end of the spectrum are Montana and West Virginia, where foreign-born residents account for just 2.1% of the population.
Several other states across Appalachia and the Midwest also report foreign-born shares below 5%, underscoring how concentrated immigration remains in a relatively small number of states.
Learn More on the Voronoi App
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